রহিমা বেগম আপনার কাছে আউটডোরে আসলো, তাকে routine investigation হিসাবে TSH করতে দিলেন

TSH level নরমালের চেয়ে বেশি… আপনার মনে হলো Hypothyroidism..

তাহলে কি করবেন?

তাকে FT4 করতে দিবেন, যদি FT4 নরমাল ভ্যালু থেকে কম হয়, তাহলে Hypothyroidism…

TSH বেশি- FT4 কম = primary Hypothyroidism

চিকিৎসা শুরু করবেন-

Thyrox 50 mcg/Thyrin 50

Tablet 1: Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

Indications of Tablet : Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

• As replacement therapy in hypothyroidism of any aetiology. Replacement therapy should not be instituted in transient hypothyroidism during the recovery phase of subacute Thyroiditis.
• For the suppression of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels in the presence of goitres, nodules and after radiological and/or surgical treatment of Thyroid cancer.
• For the suppression of the goitrogenic effects of other drugs such as Lithium.
• As a diagnostic aid in suppression tests.

Pharmacology of Tablet : Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

 

This tablet contains synthetic Levothyroxine (also called Thyroxine or T4) which is identical to the natural hormone T4, produced in the Thyroid gland. About 30% of T4 is converted to the much more active Triiodothyronine (T3) in peripheral tissues. TBG (Thyroxine Binding Globulin) is the major carrier of T4. This binding protects T4 from metabolism and excretion resulting in its long half-life in the circulation. Only about 0.03% of total T4 in plasma is unbound. The half-life of elimination of T4 is 6 to 7 days. In hyperthyroidism, the half-life is shortened to 3 or 4 days, whereas in hypothyroidism it may be 9 to 10 days. In conditions associated with reduced protein in plasma as in nephrosis or hepatic cirrhosis or when binding to protein is inhibited by certain drugs the half-life of T4 may be shortened. The liver is the major site of degradation of Thyroid hormones. T4 is conjugated with Glucuronic and Sulphate conjugates through the Phenolic hydroxyl group and excreted in the urine.There is an enterohepatic circulation of the Thyroid hormones, since they are liberated by hydrolysis in the intestine and reabsorbed. Because of the long half-life of T4, a steady blood level of the biologically more active T3 can be obtained from one single daily dose of Levothyroxine. Therefore, variations in the therapeutic effect are unlikely once the correct dosage has been established.

Dosage & Administration of Tablet : Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

Adult dose:

• Initial starting dose: 25-50 mcg/day, with gradual increments in dose at 6-8 week intervals, as needed. The Levothyroxine Sodium dose is generally adjusted in 12.5-25 mcg increments until the patient with primary hypothyroidism is clinically euthyroid and the serum TSH has normalized.
• In patients with severe hypothyroidism: Initial dose is 12.5-25 mcg/day with increases of 25 mcg/day every 2-4 weeks, accompanied by clinical and laboratory assessment,until the TSH level is normalized.
• In patients with secondary (pituitary) or tertiary (hypothalamic) hypothyroidism: Levothyroxine Sodium dose should be titrated until the patient is clinically euthyroid and the serum free – T4 level is restored to the upper half of the normal range.
• For patients older than 50 years or for patients under 50 years of age with underlying cardiac disease: 1.7 mcg/kg/day.

Pediatric Dosage (Newborns): The recommended starting dose is 10-15 mcg/kg/day. A lower starting dose should be considered in infants at risk for cardiac failure and the dose should be increased in 4-6 weeks as needed based on clinical and laboratory response to treatment. In infants with very low (<5 mcg/dL) or undetectable serum T4 concentrations, the recommended initial starting dose is 50 mcg/day of Levothyroxine Sodium.

Pediatric Dosage (Infants and Children): In children with chronic or severe hypothyroidism, initial dose of 25 mcg/day with increments of 25 mcg every 2-4 weeks until the desired effect is achieved. Hyperactivity in an older child can be minimized if the starting dose is one-fourth of the recommended full replacement dose and the dose is then increased on a weekly basis by an amount equal to one-fourth the full recommended replacement dose until the full recommended replacement dose is reached.

• 0-3 months: 10-15 mcg/kg/day
• 3-6 months: 8-10 mcg/kg/day
• 6-12 months: 6-8 mcg/kg/day
• 1-5 years: 5-6 mcg/kg/day
• 6-12 years: 4-5 mcg/kg/day
• >12 years but growth and puberty incomplete: 2-3 mcg/kg/day
• Growth and puberty complete: 1.7 mcg/kg/day.

The dose should be adjusted based on clinical response and laboratory parameters.

Interaction of Tablet : Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

 

Concurrent use of tri/tetracyclic antidepressants and Thyrin may increase the therapeutic and toxic effects of both drugs, possibly due to increased receptor sensitivity to catecholamines.Toxic effects may include increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias and CNS stimulation; onset of action of tricyclics may be accelerated. Administration of sertraline in patients stabilized on Thyrin may result in increased Thyrin requirements. Addition of Thyrin to antidiabetic or insulin therapy may result in increased antidiabetic agent or insulin requirements. Careful monitoring of diabetic control is recommended, especially when thyroid therapy is started, changed, or discontinued. Serum digitalis glycoside levels may be reduced in hyperthyroidism or when the hypothyroid patient is converted to the euthyroid state. Therapeutic effect of digitalis glycosides may be reduced.

Side Effects of Tablet : Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

Adverse reactions associated with Thyrin therapy are primarily those of hyperthyroidism due to therapeutic overdose. They include the following:

• General: Fatigue, increased appetite, weight loss, heat intolerance, fever, excessive sweating;
• Central nervous system: Headache, hyperactivity, nervousness, anxiety, irritability, emotional lability, insomnia.
• Musculoskeletal: Tremors, muscle weakness.
• Cardiovascular: Palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmias, increased pulse and blood pressure
• Respiratory: Dyspnea.
• Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps.
• Dermatologic: Hair loss, flushing.

Pregnancy & Lactation of Tablet : Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

 

Pregnancy Category A. Pregnancy may increase Levothyroxine requirements. Although Thyroid hormones are excreted only minimally in human milk,caution should be exercised when it is administered to a nursing woman.However, adequate replacement doses of Levothyroxine are generally needed to maintain normal lactation.

Therapeutic Class of Tablet : Thyrin 50 (AS A Levothyroxine Sodium AS A Thyroid drugs & hormone).

 

Thyroid drugs & hormone

1+0+0

২…FT4 normal values are 0.7 to 1.9ng/dL.

TSH নরমালের চেয়ে বেশি আসলো…

আপনি FT4 করতে দিলেন,

FT4 নরমাল আসছে,

তাহলে এইটাকে বলা হবে subclinical hypothyroidism

তার ভবিষ্যতে Hypothyroidism ডেভেলপ করতে পারে.

এখন প্রশ্ন হচ্ছে subclinical hypothyroidism এ কখন চিকিৎসা লাগবে, আর কখন চিকিৎসা লাগবেনা?

একটা পেশেন্ট এর thyroid function test এ সর্ব প্রথম TSH দেখা হয়,

TSH বাড়লে আমরা মাথায় রাখবো Hyothyroidism.

আর কমলে Hyperthyroidism.

তবে সিদ্ধান্ত নেওয়ার আগে তাকে অবশ্যই FT4 করতে দিবেন,

TSH বাড়লে FT4 কমে যায়, তখন ডায়াগনোসিস হবে Hypothyroidism.

ধরুন… TSH বাড়লো, কিন্ত FT4 Normal.. তাহলে এই কন্ডিশন কে বলা হবে subclinical hypothyroidism..

এখন এই পেশেন্ট কে চিকিৎসা দিবেন কি দিবেন না সেটার জন্য কয়েকটা বিষয় দেখবেন.

১. তার হাইপোথাইরয়েডিজমের উপসর্গ আছে কি নাই?

যদি উপসর্গ থাকে, তাহলে FT4 normal হলেও চিকিৎসা শুরু হবে.

কি কি উপসর্গ থাকলে চিকিৎসা শুরু করবেন?

1.. Weight gain inspite of poor appetite

2. IHD, bradicardia, Low voltage ECG

3. HTN or Hypo tension

4. Menorrhagia

5.. Unexplained leg oedema or constipation a

ধরুণ তার কোনো উপসর্গ নাই,

তখন কি করবেন?

TPO(thyroid peroxidase)  antibody দেখবেন,

TSH আবার চেক করুন ভালো কোনো ল্যাব থেকে,

যদি TSH 10 mIU/L এর বেশি আসে, অথবা যদি TPO (thyroid peroxidase) positive আসে, তাহলে

levothyroxin দিয়ে চিকিৎসা শুরু করতে হবে।

উপসর্গ নাই-

TPO (thyroid peroxidase) negative

TSH below 10.

No need any treatment.

Just ২ মাস পর পর TSH check করবেন।

Raiyyan Tahsan Date:-18-01-2025 Saturday Time:-12-52-45 PM.

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