ছোট বাচ্চারা সর্দি কাশি + Lung clear, No Ronchi এমন কন্ডিশন নিয়ে আসলেই Cefixime ব্যবহার এর বিরুদ্ধে একটা সচেতনতা গড়ে তোলা উচিৎ —

Cefixime একটা 3rd Generation cephalosporin, এইটার স্পেসিফিক ইন্ডিকেশন আছে– শুধু শুধু অজায়গায় এইটার ব্যবহার করে Antibiotic resistance করার কি দরকার?

এন্টিবায়োটিক গুলি সব অকার্যকর হয়ে যাচ্ছে এন্টিবায়োটিক ব্যবহার এর গাইড লাইন না জানার কারণে

ARI /Common cold এ এন্টিবায়োটিক এর কোনো role নাই, counselling + Napa syrup for 5 days+ Nasal drop +One antihistamine is enough…

Prophylactically antibiotics দিকে শুধুমাত্র /suspected organism coverage দিলেই যথেষ্ট, সেইক্ষেত্রে first জেনারেশন সেফালোস্পোরিন অথবা Amoxicillin antibiotics more than

Enough —

সর্দি জ্বর এর ম্যাক্সিমাম ডায়াগনোসিস – ভাইরাল ফিভার, ARI(Acute respiratory infection) /Common cold এ Than 95% viral cause

সেখানে Cefixime এর মত এন্টিবায়োটিক ব্যবহার করা মানে এন্টিবায়োটিক এর রেজিস্ট্যান্স এর ক্ষেত্র তৈরি করা

একটা ভাইরাস যখন Respiratory tract এ যাবে৷ সে healthy individual এ কিছুই করতে পারবেনা

আর immunosuppressant/ or malnourished বেবিদের secondary infection করতে পারে– তবে তাও শিওর না, ইনফেকশন করলে কোন ব্যাকটেরিয়া দিয়ে হবে?

Streptococci, or Hemophilus influenza.. Gm positive + gm Negative..

তাহলে first Generation cephalosporin / Amoxicillin এর মধ্যে এই দুইটা কাভারেজ ই আছে– সেইজন্য prophylaxis হিসাবে cephalosporin এন্টিবায়োটিক দিলে first Genration এর বাহিরে যাওয়া ইথিকাল প্র‍্যাকটিস এর মধ্যে পড়েনা

তাই যদি আপনার এন্টিবায়োটিক দিতেই মন চায়, এইসব বাচ্চাদের কে, তাহলে first Generation cephalosporin

Cephalexin/Cephradin অথবা penicillin দেন– অবশ্যই Cefixime কে রিজার্ভ হিসাবে রেখে দেন-

For important parameters:

First generation= for gram positive

Example Cephalosporins:- 1^st Generation ANTIBIOTIC:-

1.Cefadroxil(1stGEN):-Capsule1.Fodexil 500mg,1000mg (AS A Cefadroxil Monohydrate First generation Cephalosporins).

Indications Of Capsule1.Fodexil 500mg (AS A Cefadroxil Monohydrate First generation Cephalosporins).

Fodexil is indicated in the treatment of the following infections.

• Streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis
• Bronchopneumonia, bacterial pneumonia
• Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: pyelonephritis, cystitis
• Skin and soft tissue infections: abscesses, furunculosis, impetigo, erysipelas, pyoderma, lymphadenitis.

2nd generation=for both(Gram Negetive+Gram Positive) Both are applicable.

Example

Cefuroxime (2^ND Gen):-1Tablet:-Cefotil 250mg, 500mg (AS A Cefuroxime Axetil AS A Second generation Cephalosporins). Cefuroxime is a well-characterized and effective antibacterial agent, which has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against a wide range of common pathogens, including β-lactamase producing strains. Cefuroxime has good stability to bacterial β-lactamase and consequently, is active against many ampicillin-resistant and amoxycillin-resistant strains.

Indications Of Tablet Cefotil  500mg (AS A Cefuroxime Axetil AS A Second generation Cephalosporins).

It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (non beta-lactamase producing strains)
• Lower respiratory tract infections including pneumoniae, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli
• Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and Secondary bacterial infections of Acute bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains) or Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains).
• Skin and skin-structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Urinary tract infections caused by E.coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
• Bone and Joint Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
• Gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
• Early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi.

3rd generation= gram negative.

Cefixime is a third generation and indicated for gram negative.

3^RD Generation ANTIBIOTIC:-

Example.Cefixime(3^rd Gen):-Capsule 1.Cef-3DS  400MG (AS A Cefixime Trihydrate AS A Third generation Cephalosporins) Cefixime is a third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration, It is bactericidal against a broad spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria at easily achievable plasma concentrations. It kills bacteria by interfering in the synthesis of bacterial cell wall

Indications Of Capsule Cef-3DS 400MG (AS A Cefixime Trihydrate AS A Third generation Cephalosporins)

Cef-3 DS is an orally active cephalosporin antibiotic which has marked in-vitro bactericidal activity against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organism. It is indicated for the treatment of the following acute infections when caused by susceptible microorganisms.

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI): e.g. otitis media; and other URTI where the causative organism is known or suspected to be resistant to other commonly used antibiotics, or where treatment failure may carry significant risk. Lower Respiratory Tract Infections-e.g. bronchitis.

Urinary Tract Infections: e.g. cystitis, cystourethritis, pyelonephritis. Clinical efficacy has been demonstrated in infections caused by commonly occurring pathogens including Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella species, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive and negative), Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase positive and negative) and Enterobacter species. Cef-3 DS is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes.

It’s a gross calculation but has significant value.

Raiyyan Tahsan Date:14-01-2025 Tuesday Time:-11-52-2025

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